Modernism & the Bauhaus
Modernism, shaped by industrialism and urbanism, was created in 1910. It illustrates a rejection to the Victorian era's styles and values being replaced by functionality and progression through experimentation with unfamiliar forms. De Stijl, an art and design movement, was founded by Theo Van Doesburg in 1917. It's based around rectangular forms, primary colors, and asymmetrical compositions. Another movement, Constructivism in 1918, used industrial materials to create non-representational objects.
The Bauhaus: "a house for building", opened in 1919 by Walter Gropius, was Germany's most important art and design school. It was started in Weimar, Germany for students to develop a combination of practical skills and experimentation of medias. It embellishes many influences, such as De Stijl, Russian Constructivism and the Arts & Crafts movement. They focused on the idea that "less is more". Woman artists were accepted but often segregated into the crafts areas. No direct degrees were offered. This school influenced most modern design and illustrated the importance of design education and production. It was funded by the government and student production.
The Bauhaus: "a house for building", opened in 1919 by Walter Gropius, was Germany's most important art and design school. It was started in Weimar, Germany for students to develop a combination of practical skills and experimentation of medias. It embellishes many influences, such as De Stijl, Russian Constructivism and the Arts & Crafts movement. They focused on the idea that "less is more". Woman artists were accepted but often segregated into the crafts areas. No direct degrees were offered. This school influenced most modern design and illustrated the importance of design education and production. It was funded by the government and student production. 
In 1925, Germany falls into the Depression. The Bauhaus is moved to Dessau in buildings designed by leader Gropius. In 1932, Hitler slowly rises to power and stresses the importance of tradition and keeping things classical. Due to the juxtaposing views, the Bauhaus moves to Berlin but is soon closed by Hitler in 1933. Many of the teachers fled to the United States and Europe due to their Jewish status.
The Bauhaus receives new direction from Ludwig Mies van der Rohe until 1933. The school was then moved to Chicago and founded by Laszlo Moholy-Nagy in 1937 and was soon turned into the Institute of Design at Illinois Institute Technology. Throughout the Bauhaus' period it focused and developed ideas on industrial designs, expressionism, functionality/rationality, modernism, and the importance of production through the study of materials, color theory, and formal relationships.
Q U E S T I O N: Who started the very first Bauhaus and in what year?
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